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Journal Articles

A Review of revaporisation behaviour of radioactive Cs deposits and its impact on the source term in severe nuclear accidents from Ph$'e$bus FP results and single effect testing

Knebel, K.*; Jokiniemi, J.*; Bottomley, D.

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 56(9-10), p.772 - 789, 2019/09

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:58.58(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Revaporisation of the fission products deposited in the primary circuit of a reactor was identified as a possible late source of fission product release during a severe accident: eg. loss of coolant accident (LOCA). Subsequent testing has shown that revaporisation is very likely to occur given a breach of the reactor and is an important contributor for the source term release to the containment and biosphere. The first part reviews the revaporisation mechanisms of Cs and other volatile or semi-volatile fission products transported in the primary circuit that were derived from the Phebus FP and associated programmes. The second part examines the separate effects testing to determine the high temperature chemistry ofvolatile and semi-volatile fission products (I, Mo, Ru) and structural materials (Ag, B) as well as atmospheric effects which substantially affect the source term. Finally, it examines Cs data from reactor accident sites that is providing additional knowledge of longer-term fission product chemistry. The results have been summarised in the form of a table and schematic diagram. This accumulated knowledge and experience has important applications to minimising contamination during decommissioning and site remediation techniques, as well as improving SA simulation codes and raising nuclear safety.

Journal Articles

Optimization of an isothermal gas-chromatographic setup for the chemical exploration of dubnium (Db, Z = 105) oxychlorides

Chiera, N. M.; Sato, Tetsuya; Tomitsuka, Tomohiro; Asai, Masato; Ito, Yuta; Shirai, Kaori*; Suzuki, Hayato; Tokoi, Katsuyuki; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tsukada, Kazuaki; et al.

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 320(3), p.633 - 642, 2019/06

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:11.15(Chemistry, Analytical)

An isothermal gas-chromatographic (IGC) device has been developed and tested for on-line gas phase studies of volatile oxychlorides of short-lived group-5 transition metals. Radioisotopes of niobium and tantalum, produced in nuclear fusion evaporation reactions, are directly flushed into the IGC setup by an inert gas-jet. Oxychloride compounds are formed by the addition of SOCl$$_2$$ and O$$_2$$. Parameters influencing the formation and transport of NbOCl$$_3$$ and TaOCl$$_3$$ are investigated. For nuclides with half-lives ($$t_{1/2}$$) of about 30 s, an overall efficiency of 7% is obtained, rendering the IGC setup suitable for the chemical exploration of $$^{262}$$Db($$t_{1/2}$$ = 34s).

Journal Articles

Formation and thermochemical properties of oxychlorides of niobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta); Towards the gas-phase investigation of dubnium (Db) oxychloride

Chiera, N. M.; Sato, Tetsuya; Tomitsuka, Tomohiro; Asai, Masato; Suzuki, Hayato*; Tokoi, Katsuyuki; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Nagame, Yuichiro

Inorganica Chimica Acta, 486, p.361 - 366, 2019/02

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:18.6(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

The formation of NbOCl$$_3$$ and TaOCl$$_3$$ and their adsorption behavior on quartz surfaces was explored by applying an isothermal gas-chromatographic method. Trace amounts of short-lived Nb and Ta isotopes were used. Adsorption enthalpy values ($$Delta H_{rm ads}$$) at zero surface coverage of -$$Delta H_{rm ads}$$(NbOCl$$_3$$) = 102 $$pm$$ 4 kJ/mol and -$$Delta H_{rm ads}$$(TaOCl$$_3$$) = 128 $$pm$$ 5 kJ/mol were determined by analyzing the chromatographic behavior of the Nb andTa complexes with a Monte-Carlo simulation method based on an adsorption-desorption kinetic model.By applying an empirical correlation, the experimental $$Delta H_{rm ads}$$ values were successively related to the macroscopic standard sublimation enthalpy, $$Delta H^circ _{rm subl}$$, as a measure of the volatility of each substance. The inferred sublimation enthalpies are in agreement with tabulated thermochemical values. Thus, the linear empirical correlation between $$Delta H_{rm ads}$$ and $$Delta H^circ _{rm subl}$$ for metal-oxychlorides was updated with the inclusion of the present data. According to the predicted $$Delta H^circ _{rm subl}$$(DbOCl$$_3$$), a $$Delta H_{rm ads}$$(DbOCl$$_3$$) value of 135 $$pm$$ 2 kJ/mol was extrapolated. The future accomplishment of comparative studies with DbOCl$$_3$$ under the same experimental conditions will provide valuable information on the volatility trend in Group-5 elements, together with an indication on the magnitude of relativistic effects on the electronic structure of dubnium.

Journal Articles

Environment purification technology using ionizing radiation

Kojima, Takuji

Hoshasen, 29(2), p.77 - 85, 2003/04

The radiation technologies for environment conservation are useful for purification of pollutants contained in flue gas or wastewater at very low concentration which is difficult to perform by conventional methods: removal using fine filter or charcoals and decomposition using catalysis at high temperature, etc. This paper reviews some examples of radiation application to removal of SO$$_2$$ and NO$$_x$$ from coal-combustion flue gases, decomposition of dioxin in gas emitted through the incinerator, decomposition of gaseous toxic volatile organic compounds in off gas, reuse of agricultural wastes.

Journal Articles

Effect of water and oxygen contents on the decomposition of gaseous trichloroethylene in air under electron beam irradiation

Hakoda, Teruyuki; Hashimoto, Shoji; Kojima, Takuji

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 75(10), p.2177 - 2183, 2002/10

 Times Cited Count:8 Percentile:37.18(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Development of removal/detoxifying technology for volatile organic compounds and dioxins in flue-gas/off-gas

Kojima, Takuji

JETI, 50(13), p.17 - 21, 2002/10

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Flue gas treatment

Sunaga, Hiromi

Denki Gakkai Gijutsu Hokoku, (895), p.61 - 62, 2002/09

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Journal Articles

10th International Conference of Air Pollution 2001 in Italy

Hirota, Koichi

Hoshasen To Sangyo, (92), p.76 - 79, 2001/12

The research on electron-beam treatment of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) was presented at 10th international conference of Air Pollution 2001 in Italy. The presentation referred to the decomposition products and active species that oxidize the aromatics and aliphatics. Also, the test facility for EB treatment of PCDD/F from MSWI was presented.

Journal Articles

The Real-time gas mass filter system for the analysis of products from trichloroethylene-air mixture during electron beam irradiation

Hakoda, Teruyuki; Arai, Hidehiko; Hashimoto, Shoji

Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 34(10), p.1300 - 1308, 2001/10

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:25.13(Engineering, Chemical)

The continuous gas monitoring system using the mass filter (CGM-MS) was developed for the measurement of gaseous substances in air under atmospheric pressure. A capillary tube introduces the gases under atmospheric pressure into a mass filter installed in a vacuum chamber. The CGM-MS detected gaseous substances, such as sulfur dioxide, benzene and chlorobenzene, with detectable sensitivity of 0.7-1 ppmv. The monitoring system was also applied for the analysis of the products formed in electron beam irradiation of trichloroethylene (TCE) and air mixture. Dichloroacetyl chloride, carbonyl chloride (COCl$$_{2}$$), and chlorine (Cl$$_{2}$$) were quantitatively analyzed. Trichloroethylene and the products were oxidized and completely converted into carbon dioxide, Cl$$_{2}$$, and hydrochloric acid at 15 kGy. Carbonyl chloride is dissolved in an alkaline solution to be automatically oxidized into CO$$_{3}^{2-}$$ and Cl$$^{-}$$. The combination of the irradiation and the dissolution of the irradiated gas decreased to 7 from 15 kGy for the complete oxidation of TCE and the products.

Journal Articles

Mechanism of 1,1-dichloroethylene decomposition in humid air under electron beam irradiation

Sun, Y.*; Hakoda, Teruyuki; Chmielewski, A. G.*; Hashimoto, Shoji; Zimek, Z.*; Bulka, S.*; Ostapczuk, A.*; Nichipor, H.*

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 62(4), p.353 - 360, 2001/10

 Times Cited Count:22 Percentile:81.38(Chemistry, Physical)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Complete oxidation of gaseous trichloroethylene in air by electron beam irradiation

Hakoda, Teruyuki; Hirota, Koichi; Hashimoto, Shoji

Proceedings of 5th International Symposium & Exhibition on Environmental Contamination in Central & Eastern Europe (CD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2001/09

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Chain oxidation initiated OH, O($$^{3}$$P) radicals, thermal electrons, and O$$_{3}$$ in electron beam irradiation of 1,2-dichloroethylenes and air mixtures

Hakoda, Teruyuki; Zhang, G.*; Hashimoto, Shoji

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 62(2-3), p.243 - 252, 2001/09

 Times Cited Count:13 Percentile:66.91(Chemistry, Physical)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Current status of VEGA program and a preliminary test with cesium iodide

Hidaka, Akihide; Nakamura, Takehiko; Kudo, Tamotsu; Hayashida, Retsu*; Nakamura, Jinichi; Otomo, Takashi; Uetsuka, Hiroshi

JAERI-Conf 2000-015, p.193 - 200, 2000/11

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Electron beam

Hashimoto, Shoji; Arai, Hidehiko

Denki Gakkai Gijutsu Hokoku, (810), p.46 - 50, 2000/10

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Outlines of VEGA experimental program on radionuclides release from irradiated fuel

Hidaka, Akihide; Nakamura, Takehiko; Kudo, Tamotsu

Genshiryoku eye, 46(3), p.79 - 83, 2000/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Electron bram decomposition of vaporized chloroethenes in air

Hakoda, Teruyuki; Zhang, G.; Hashimoto, Shoji

JAERI-Conf 2000-001, p.211 - 214, 2000/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Low energy electron beam treatment of VOCs

Hashimoto, Shoji; Hakoda, Teruyuki; Hirota, Koichi; Arai, Hidehiko

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 57(3-6), p.485 - 488, 2000/03

 Times Cited Count:26 Percentile:82.67(Chemistry, Physical)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Decomposition mechanism for electron beam irradiation of vaporized trichloroethylene-air mixtures

Hakoda, Teruyuki; Hashimoto, Shoji; Fujiyama, Yuichi*; Mizuno, Akira*

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 104(1), p.59 - 66, 2000/01

 Times Cited Count:32 Percentile:68.61(Chemistry, Physical)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Decomposition of 1,1-dichloroethylene in humid air under electron beam irradiation

Sun, Y.*; Hakoda, Teruyuki; Chmielewski, A. G.*; Hashimoto, Shoji; Zimek, Z.*; Bulka, S.*; Ostapczuk, A.*; Nichipor, H.*

Proceedings of 5th International Symposium & Exhibition on Environmental Contamination in Central & Eastern Europe (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2000/00

no abstracts in English

44 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)